แบบฝึกหัด ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level (CTFL) Part 2

ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Exercises Part 2

Content

1. FL-1.2.2 Describe the relationship between testing and quality assurance and give examples of how testing contributes to higher quality
2. FL-1.4.2 Describe the test activities and respective tasks within the test process (K2)
3. FL-1.4.3 Differentiate the work products that support the test process (K2)
4. FL-1.4.4 Explain the value of maintaining traceability between the test basis and test work products (K2)
5. FL-1.5.2 Explain the difference between the mindset required for test activities and the mindset required for development activities (K2)
6. FL-2.3.2 Recognize that functional, non-functional, and white-box tests occur at any test level (K1)
7. FL-2.2.1 Compare the different test levels from the perspective of objectives, test basis, test objects, typical defects and failures, and approaches and responsibilities (K2)

✍FL-1.2.2 Describe the relationship between testing and quality assurance and give examples of how testing contributes to higher quality

Question12 In what way can testing be part of Quality Assurance? It ensures that requirements are detailed enough. It contributes to the achievement of quality in a variety of ways. It ensures that standards in the organization are followed. It measures the quality of software in terms of number of executed test cases.

Solution12  Is not correct: This is quality assurance but not testing (syllabus chapter 1.2.2). Is correct: Syllabus 1.2.2. Testing contributes to the achievement of quality in a variety of ways, e.g. such as reducing the risk of inadequate software quality (syllabus chapter 1.1.1). Is not correct: This is quality assurance but not testing (syllabus chapter 1.2.2). Is not correct: The quality cannot be measured by counting the number of executed test cases without knowing the outcome (syllabus chapter 1.2.2).

✍FL-1.4.2 Describe the test activities and respective tasks within the test process (K2)

Question13 Which of the following activities is part of the main activity "test analysis" in the test process? Identifying any required infrastructure and tools. Creating test suites from test scripts. Analyzing lessons learned for process improvement. Evaluating the test basis for testability.

Solution13  Is not correct: This activity is performed during the test design activity (syllabus chapter 1.4.2, test design). Is not correct: This activity is performed during the test implementation activity (syllabus chapter 1.4.2, test implementation). Is not correct: This activity is performed during the test completion activity (syllabus chapter 1.4.2, test completion). Is correct: This activity is performed during the test

Question14 Given the following test activities and tasks: A. Test design B. Test implementation C. Test execution D. Test completion 1. Entering change requests for open defect reports 2. Identifying test data to support the test cases 3. Prioritizing test procedures and creating test data 4. Analyzing discrepancies to determine their cause Which of the following BEST matches the activities with the tasks? A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1 A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4 A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1 A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4

Solution14  The correct pairing of test activities and tasks, according to the syllabus (1.4.2) is: Test design – (2) Identifying test data to support the test cases Test implementation – (3) Prioritizing test procedures and creating test data Test execution – (4) Analyzing discrepancies to determine their cause Test completion – (1) Entering change requests for open defect reports Thus, option 1 is correct.

✍FL-1.4.3 Differentiate the work products that support the test process (K2)

Question15 Match the following test work products (1-4) with the right description (A-D).  1. Test suite.  2. Test case.  3. Test script.  4. Test charter.  A. A group of test scripts with a sequence of instructions.  B. A set of instructions for the execution of a test.  C. Contains expected results.  D. An instruction of test goals and possible test ideas on how to test.  1A, 2C, 3B, 4D. 1D, 2B, 3A, 4C. 1A, 2C, 3D, 4B. 1D, 2C, 3B, 4A.

Solution15  Test suite: Glossary 3.2.1: A set of test cases or test procedures to be executed in a specific test cycle.”(1A).  Test case: Glossary “A set of preconditions, inputs, actions (where applicable), expected results and post conditions, developed based on test conditions” (2C).  Test script: Glossary “A sequence of instructions for the execution of a test” (3B).  Test charter: Glossary “A statement of test objectives, and possibly test ideas about how to test. Documentation of test activities in session-based exploratory testing” (4D).  Thus: Is correct Is not correct Is not correct Is not correct

✍FL-1.4.4 Explain the value of maintaining traceability between the test basis and test work products (K2)

Question16 Which of the following BEST describes how value is added by maintaining traceability between the test basis and test artifacts? Maintenance testing can be fully automated based on changes to the initial requirements. It is possible to determine if a new test case has increased coverage of the requirements. Test managers can identify which testers found the highest severity defects. Areas that may be impacted by side-effects of a change can be targeted by confirmation testing.

Solution16  Is not correct: Traceability will allow existing test cases to be linked with updated and deleted requirements (although there is no support for new requirements), but it will not help with the automation of maintenance testing. Correct: If all test cases are linked with requirements, then whenever a new test case (with traceability) is added, it is possible to see if any previously-uncovered requirements are covered by the new test case. Is not correct: Traceability between the test basis and test artifacts will not provide information on which testers found high-severity defects, and, even if this information could be determined, it would be of limited value. Is not correct: Traceability can help with identifying test cases affected by changes, however areas impacted by side-effects would be the focus of regression testing.

✍FL-1.5.2 Explain the difference between the mindset required for test activities and the mindset required for development activities (K2)

Question17 Which of the following qualities is MORE likely to be found in a tester’s mindset rather than in a developer’s? Experience on which to base their efforts. Ability to see what might go wrong. Good communication with team members. Attention to detail.

Solution17  Is not correct: Both developers and testers gain from experience. Correct: Developers are often more interested in designing and building solutions than in contemplating what might be wrong with those solutions. Is not correct: Both developers and testers should be able to communicate well. Is not correct: Both developers and testers need to pay attention to detail.

✍FL-2.3.2 Recognize that functional, non-functional, and white-box tests occur at any test level (K1)

Question18 How can white-box testing be applied during acceptance testing? To check if large volumes of data can be transferred between integrated systems. To check if all code statements and code decision paths have been executed. To check if all work process flows have been covered. To cover all web page navigations.

Solution18  Is not correct: Relevant for integration testing (syllabus chapter 2.2.2). Is not correct: Relevant for component testing (syllabus chapter 2.2.1). Is correct: syllabus chapter 2.3.5: For acceptance testing, tests are designed to cover all supported financial data file structures and value ranges for bank-to-bank transfers. Is not correct: Relevant for system testing (syllabus chapter 2.2.3).

Question19 Which of the following statements about test types and test levels is CORRECT? Functional and non-functional testing can be performed at system and acceptance test levels, while white-box testing is restricted to component and integration testing. Functional testing can be performed at any test level, while white-box testing is restricted to component testing. It is possible to perform functional, non-functional and white-box testing at any test level. Functional and non-functional testing can be performed at any test level, while Whitebox testing is restricted to component and integration testing.

Solution19  Is not correct: It is possible to perform any of the test types (functional, non-functional, white-box) at any test level - so, although it is correct that functional and non-functional testing can be performed at system and acceptance test levels, it is incorrect to state that white-box testing is restricted to component and integration testing. Is not correct: It is possible to perform any of the test types (functional, non-functional, white-box) at any test level - so, it is incorrect to state that white-box testing is restricted to component testing. Correct: It is possible to perform any of the test types (functional, non-functional, white-box) at any test level. Is not correct: It is possible to perform any of the test types (functional, non-functional, white-box) at any test level - so, it is incorrect to state that white-box testing is restricted to component testing and integration testing.

✍FL-2.2.1 Compare the different test levels from the perspective of objectives, test basis, test objects, typical defects and failures, and approaches and responsibilities (K2)

Question20 Which of the following statements comparing component testing and system testing is TRUE?  Component testing verifies the functionality of software modules, program objects, and classes that are separately testable, whereas system testing verifies interfaces between components and interactions between different parts of the system. Test cases for component testing are usually derived from component specifications, design specifications, or data models, whereas test cases for system testing are usually derived from requirement specifications or use cases. Component testing only focuses on functional characteristics, whereas system testing focuses on functional and non-functional characteristics. Component testing is the responsibility of the testers, whereas system testing typically is the responsibility of the users of the system.

Solution20  Is not correct: System testing does not test interfaces between components and interactions between different parts of the system; this is a target of integration tests (syllabus chapter 2.2.2). Is correct: Syllabus 2.2.1: Examples of work products that can be used as a test basis for component testing include detailed design, code, data model, component specifications. Syllabus 2.2.3: Examples of work products for system testing include system and software requirement specifications (functional and non-functional) use cases. Is not correct: Component testing does not ONLY focus on functional characteristics. Is not correct: Component tests are also executed by developers, whereas system testing typically is the responsibility of testers (syllabus chapter 2.2).

Question21 Given that the testing being performed has the following attributes: • based on interface specifications; • focused on finding failures in communication; • the test approach uses both functional and structural test types. Which of the following test levels is MOST likely being performed? Component integration testing. Acceptance testing. System testing. Component testing.

Solution21  Considering the scenario and the syllabus (2.2): ‘testing is based on interface specifications’ – the test basis for component integration testing includes interface specifications (along with communication protocol specification), while these are not included for any of the other test levels ‘testing is focused on finding failures in communication’ - failures in the communication between tested components is included as a typical failure for component integration testing, but failures in communication is not included for any of the other test levels ‘the test approach uses both functional and structural test types’ - functional and structural test types are both included as possible approaches for component integration testing, and would also be appropriate for any of the other test levels, although they are only otherwise explicitly mentioned in the syllabus for system testing. Thus, option A is correct.